Widely used in the category of austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steels, 304 and 304L are characterized by good corrosion resistance, cold formability, and polishability. Both are widely used for thermal applications, but are also used in the automotive and furniture industries and in numerous other applications. 304L has a lower carbon content than 304, which gives it higher intergranular corrosion resistance and better weldability.
In addition to chromium (which guarantees stainlessness), austenitic stainless steels also contain high levels of nickel, which significantly increases corrosion resistance (some versions may also contain other elements such as molybdenum, titanium, and niobium). Although the austenitic structure does not allow for heat treatment, the cold deformation that the tube undergoes during drawing allows it to acquire very high mechanical characteristics, especially on small diameters. While completely non-magnetic in the solubilized state, they acquire a slight ferromagnetism in the drawn state.